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Bast shoes are made primarily from bast—fiber taken from the bark of trees, such as Tilia. They are a kind of basket, woven and fitted to the shape of a foot. Bast shoes are a traditional footwear of the forest areas of Baltic region, formerly worn by poorer members of the Finnic peoples, Balts, Russians, and Belarusians. They were easy to manufacture, but not durable. Similar shoes have also been made of strips of birchbark in more northern areas where bast is not readily available.
Bast shoes have been worn since prehistoric times. Wooden foot-shaped blocks (lasts) for shaping them have been found in Neolithic excavations, e.g. 4900 years old.Schwäbische Zeitung: Forscher finden Steinzeit-Sandale am Bodensee. 10 March 2009. Bast shoes were still worn in the Russian countryside at the beginning of the twentieth century. Today bast shoes are sold as souvenirs and sometimes worn by ethnographic music or dance troupes as part of their costume.
In Russian language, they are called lapti ( лапти, sing. ', lapot '); this word is used as a derogatory term for cheap and short-lived footwear and, in the form lapotnik (лапотник ), for an uneducated person, notionally one who is too poor to afford good shoes and wears bast shoes instead.Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev, Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev , Volume 3, p. 867, Penn State University Press, 2004 . The MiG-105 "Spiral" spaceplane was nicknamed Lapot'' for the shape of its nose.
Bast shoes played an important role in the founding myth of the Přemyslid dynasty, which reigned in Bohemia and Moravia until 1306 AD. Přemysl the Ploughman, its legendary ancestor, was a peasant of humble origin. His bast shoes and bast-bag were kept as relics at Vyšehrad and Czech kings put them on during their coronations. The relics were probably destroyed when Vyšehrad fell to the Hussites in 1420.
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